Evaluación del impacto del cambio climático en la dinámica del uso de la tierra en la cuenca del río Osun, Nigeria

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.64238/geopuc.2025.160

Palabras clave:

Cambio climático, Dinámica del uso del suelo, Teledetección, Índice de condición de la vegetación, Cuenca del río Osun, Desarrollo sostenible

Resumen

Comprender a fondo cómo el cambio climático influye en la dinámica del uso y la cobertura del suelo (LULC, por sus siglas en inglés) es fundamental para garantizar la gestión sostenible de las cuencas hidrográficas, especialmente en entornos sensibles como la cuenca del río Osun (ORB, por sus siglas en inglés) en el suroeste de Nigeria. Esta investigación explora las tendencias espaciotemporales en las transformaciones del LULC en la ORB entre 2002 y 2022, y examina críticamente cómo los factores climáticos clave, como la temperatura, las precipitaciones y el Índice de Condición de la Vegetación (VCI, por sus siglas en inglés), influyen en estos cambios. Se analizaron imágenes satelitales Landsat multitemporales de 2002, 2012 y 2022 con una resolución de 30 m mediante técnicas de clasificación supervisada y detección de cambios en un entorno SIG, complementadas con datos de precipitación y temperatura derivados de CHIRPS y MODIS. Los resultados revelan transformaciones significativas del LULC a lo largo de las dos décadas: las áreas urbanizadas se expandieron en más del 154 %, las superficies desnudas aumentaron aproximadamente un 19 %, mientras que las tierras de cultivo y las áreas forestales disminuyeron un 25 % y un 6 %, respectivamente. El modelo de regresión lineal múltiple (RLM) mostró que las variables climáticas explican en conjunto cerca del 78 % de la varianza en la expansión de las áreas urbanizadas (R² = 0,78, p < 0,001). La temperatura se reveló como el predictor positivo más fuerte, indicando que un aumento de 1 °C podría resultar en un incremento de aproximadamente 120 km² de suelo urbanizado, mientras que la precipitación demostró un efecto estabilizador al mantener la cobertura vegetal. El análisis de los patrones espaciales de precipitación e índice de cobertura vegetal (ICV) reveló además un deterioro progresivo de la salud de la vegetación, con un estrés pronunciado observado en las regiones central y norte de la cuenca, impulsado por el aumento de las temperaturas, la irregularidad de las precipitaciones y la intensificación de actividades antropogénicas como la urbanización, la deforestación y la gestión insostenible de la tierra. Estas presiones combinadas tienen profundas implicaciones para la productividad agrícola, la conservación de la biodiversidad y la sostenibilidad de los recursos hídricos en la cuenca.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citas

ABURAS, M. M.; HO, Y. M.; RAMLI, M. F.; ASH’AARI, Z. H. Monitoring and assessment of urban growth patterns using spatio-temporal built-up area analysis. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 190, p. 1-26, 2018. DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6522-9

ACHEAMPONG, J. O.; ATTUA, E. M.; MENSAH, M.; FOSU-MENSAH, B. Y.; APAMBILLA, R. A.; DOE, E. K. Livelihood, carbon and spatiotemporal land-use land-cover change in the Yenku forest reserve of Ghana, 2000–2020. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, v. 112, p. 102938, 2022. DOI: 10.1016/j.jag.2022.102938

ADANU, S. K.; APPIAH, M. N.; AGBOZO, E. Investigating the urban heat island effect in Accra, Ghana, using remote sensing techniques. Urban Climate, v. 38, p. 100876, 2021.

ADELABU, S. et al. Assessment of vegetation dynamics using remote sensing and climate data. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation, 2020.

ADELEKAN, I. O. Urban dynamics and vulnerability to climate change in Lagos, Nigeria. Environment and Urbanization, v. 28, n. 2, p. 523–540, 2016.

ADEOYE, N. O. Land degradation in gold mining communities of Ijesaland, Osun State, Nigeria. GeoJournal, v. 81, p. 535-554, 2016. DOI: 10.1007/s10708-015-9630-x

ADEPOJU, K. A.; AROWONO, A. O.; OYEBOLA, O. O. Spatio-temporal analysis of land use and land cover changes in the Osun River Basin, Nigeria. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 193, n. 2, p. 98, 2021.

ADEYEMI, O. et al. Urbanization and local climate: Urban Heat Island effects in Ibadan, Nigeria. Urban Climate, 2019.

AJIBOLA, M. O.; FASONA, M. J.; OMOJOLA, A. S. Climate change and land degradation in Nigeria: A remote sensing perspective. Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, v. 26, p. 100723, 2022.

AKINBODE, M. O.; OKE, I. B.; OLORUNFEMI, F. B. Assessing the urban heat island effect in Lagos, Nigeria. Journal of Environmental Management, v. 312, p. 114909, 2022.

AKINYEMI, F. O. Map of land use dynamics at a regional scale in southwestern Nigeria. Disponível em: www.isprs.org/proceedings/2005/hannover05/paper/149-akinyemi.pdf. Acesso em: 22 ago. 2016.

ANDOH, H. A.; ODURo, W.; KUMI, M. The impact of deforestation on climate variability in Ghana’s cocoa belt. Climate, v. 9, n. 4, p. 68, 2021.

ANIBABA, B. W.; DUROWOJU, O. S.; ADEDEJI, O. I. Spatial characteristics of urban heat island intensity across different land use types in Ibadan metropolis, Nigeria. African Journal of Sustainable Development, v. 7, n. 3, p. 37-62, 2017. ISSN 2315-6317.

ASHAOLU, E. D. The Osun drainage basin in the western lithoral hydrological zone of Nigeria: a morphometric study. GEOGRAFIA-Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, v. 12, n. 8, p. 71–88, 2016.

ASHAOLU, E. D. Effect of climate and land use/land cover change on groundwater recharge in Osun drainage basin, Nigeria. Tese de Doutorado, Universidade de Ilorin, 2018. DOI: 10.15421/111936

ASHAOLU, E. D.; OLORUNFEMI, J. F.; IFABYI, I. P. Assessing the spatio-temporal pattern of land use and land cover changes in Osun drainage basin, Nigeria. Journal of Environmental Geography, v. 12, n. 1–2, p. 41–50, 2019. DOI: 10.2478/jengeo-2019-0005.

AYANLADE, A. Climate variability and drought characteristics in the Guinea Savanna of Nigeria. Atmospheric Science Letters, v. 18, n. 3, p. 96–104, 2017.

AYANLADE, A. et al. Rainfall seasonality and vegetation dynamics in sub-Saharan Africa. Remote Sensing, v. 8, n. 11, p. 924, 2016.

BÉGUÉ, A.; ARVOR, D.; BELLON, B. et al. Remote sensing and cropping practices: A review. Remote Sensing, v. 10, n. 1, p. 99, 2018. DOi: 10.3390/rs10010099

BONAN, G. B. Forests and climate change: Forcings, feedbacks, and the climate benefits of forests. Science, v. 320, n. 5882, p. 1444–1449, 2008. DOI: 10.1126/science.1155121

CHRISTENSEN, N. S.; WOOD, A. W.; VOISIN, N.; LETTENMAIER, D. P.; PALMER, R. N. The effects of climate change on the hydrology and water resources of the Colorado River basin. Climatic Change, v. 62, p. 337–363, 2004. DOI: 10.1023/B:CLIM.0000013684.13621.1f

DOUGLAS, I. et al. Unjust waters: Climate change, flooding and the urban poor in Africa. Environment and Urbanization, v. 20, n. 1, p. 501–522, 2008. DOI: 10.1177/0956247808089156

DUROWOJU, O. S.; OBATERU, R. O.; ADELABU, S. A.; OLUSOLA, A. O. Urban change detection: Assessing biophysical drivers using machine learning and Google Earth Engine. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 197, p. 441, 2025. DOI: 10.1007/s10661-025-13863-4

DUROWOJU, O. S.; OLOGUNORISA, T. E.; AKINBOBOLA, A. Characterization of drought in Kaduna River Basin, Nigeria. Journal of Meteorology and Climate Science, v. 19, n. 1, p. 43–59, 2021.

DUROWOJU, O. S.; OLOGUNORISA, T. E.; AKINBOBOLA, A. Impact of drought on cereal crop yields in the savanna region of Nigeria. African Geographical Review, v. 42, n. 3, p. 273–293, 2023. DOI: 10.1080/19376812.2021.2024443

DUTTA, D.; RAHMAN, A.; PAUL, S. K.; KUNDU, A. Estimating urban growth in peri-urban areas and its interrelationships with built-up density using earth observation datasets. The Annals of Regional Science, v. 65, p. 67–82, 2020. DOI: 10.1007/s00168-020-00974-8

EBI, K. L.; BOWEN, K. J. Extreme events as sources of health vulnerability: Drought as an example. Weather and Climate Extremes, v. 13, p. 100219, 2016. DOI: 10.1016/j.wace.2015.10.001

ELLISON, D.; MORRIS, C. E.; LOCATELLI, B. Trees, forests and water: Cool insights for a hot world. Global Environmental Change, v. 43, p. 51–61, 2017. DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2017.01.002

ERESANYA, E. O.; DARAMOLA, M. T.; DUROWOJU, O. S.; AWOYELE, P. Investigation of the changing patterns of the land use land cover over Osogbo and its environs. Royal Society Open Science, v. 6, n. 1, p. 191021, 2019. DOI: 10.1098/rsos.191021

Eze, E. Urban flooding and resilience strategies in Lagos, Nigeria. Sustainable Cities and Society, v. 41, p. 612–621, 2018.

Fasona, M. J.; Akintuyi, A. O.; Adeonipekun, P. A.; Akoso, T. M.; Udofia, S. K.; Agboola, O. O.; Ogundipe, O. T. Recent trends in land-use and cover change and deforestation in southwest Nigeria. GeoJournal, v. 87, n. 3, p. 1411–1437, 2022. DOI: 10.1007/s10708-020-10318-w

Fasona, M. J.; Omojola, T. Climate change, human security and communal clashes in Nigeria. In: International Workshop on Human Security and Climate Change, Oslo, 2005. Proceedings... Oslo: Holmen Ford Hotel, 2005.

Findell, K. L.; Shevliakova, E.; Milly, P. C. D.; Stouffer, R. J. Modelled impact of anthropogenic land cover change on climate. Journal of Climate, v. 30, n. 3, p. 836–849, 2017.

Gasu, M. B.; Nicholas, E.; Bidmus, M. A.; Dawam, P. D. Geospatial analysis of land use dynamics in Osogbo between 1986 and 2012. Abuja Journal of Geography and Development, v. 4, n. 1, p. 52–68, 2016.

Hammad, M.; Mucsi, L.; van Leeuwen, B. Land cover change investigation in the southern Syrian coastal basins during the past 30 years using Landsat remote sensing data. Journal of Environmental Geography, v. 11, n. 1–2, p. 45–51, 2018. DOI: 10.2478/jengeo-2018-0006.

Harding, B. L.; Wood, A. W.; Prairie, J. R. The implications of climate change scenario selection for future streamflow projection in the Upper Colorado River Basin. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, v. 16, n. 11, p. 3989–4007, 2012. DOI: 10.5194/hess-16-3989-2012

Ifabiyi, I. P. Construction versus yield of deep wells in the regolith aquifer of Osun River basin, Nigeria. Water Resources, v. 16, p. 1–16, 2005.

IPCC. Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021.

Jiang, L.; Zhang, H.; Jin, Z. Large-scale deforestation and its impact on West African monsoon precipitation. Environmental Research Letters, v. 14, n. 11, p. 114006, 2019.

Jyrkama, M. I.; Sykes, J. F. The impacts of climate change on groundwater. In: Delleur, J. W. (ed.). The Handbook of Groundwater Engineering. 2. ed. CRC Press, USA, 2006. cap. 1320.

Kalnay, E.; Cai, M. Impact of urbanization and land-use change on climate. Nature, 2003. DOI: 10.1038/nature01675

Kogan, F. N. Application of vegetation index and brightness temperature for drought detection. Advances in Space Research, v. 15, n. 11, p. 91–100, 1995. DOI: 10.1016/0273-1177(95)00079-T

Kombani, L.; Adelabu, S. A.; Durowoju, O. S.; Jackson, C. M. Uncovering the shifts: land surface phenology in Botswana from satellite observations. Discover Sustainability, v. 6, n. 1, p. 102, 2025. DOI: 10.1007/s43621-025-00806-9

Lambin, E. F.; Geist, H. J.; Lepers, E. Dynamics of land-use and land-cover change in tropical regions. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, v. 28, p. 205–241, 2003. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.energy.28.050302.105459

Lambin, E. F.; Meyfroidt, P. Global land use change, economic globalization, and the looming land scarcity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), v. 108, n. 9, p. 3465-3472, 2011. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1100480108

Lawrence, D.; Vandecar, K. Effects of tropical deforestation on climate and agriculture. Nature Climate Change, v. 5, n. 1, p. 27–36, 2015. DOI: 10.1038/nclimate2430

Lerner, D. N. Identifying and quantifying urban recharge: A review. Hydrogeology Journal, v. 10, p. 143–152, 2002. DOI: 10.1007/s10040-001-0177-1

Lerner, D. N.; Issar, A. S.; Simmers, I. (eds.). Groundwater recharge: A guide to understanding and estimating natural recharge. Hannover: Heise, 1990.

Li, X.; Chen, D.; Duan, Y.; Ji, H.; Zhang, L.; Chai, Q.; Hu, X. Understanding land use/land cover dynamics and impacts of human activities in the Mekong Delta over the last 40 years. Global Ecology and Conservation, v. 22, p. e00991, 2020. DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e00991

Li, Y.; Zhao, M.; Motesharrei, S.; Mu, Q.; Kalnay, E.; Li, S. Local cooling and warming effects of forests based on satellite observations. Nature Communications, v. 8, p. 760, 2017.

Liu, Y.; Fensholt, R.; Wang, J. Assessing vegetation-climate feedbacks in West Africa. Scientific Reports, v. 10, p. 7896, 2020.

Mahmood, R.; et al. Land cover changes and their biogeophysical effects on climate. International Journal of Climatology, v. 34, n. 4, p. 929-953, 2014. DOI: 10.1002/joc.3736

Mengistu, D. A.; Salami, A. T. Application of remote sensing and GIS in land use/land cover mapping and change detection in a part of southwestern Nigeria. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, v. 1, n. 5, p. 99–109, 2007.

Niang, I.; et al. Africa. In: Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. [S.l.]: IPCC, 2014.

Oke, T. R.; Mills, G.; Christen, A.; Voogt, J. A. Urban Climates. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017. DOI: 10.1017/9781139016476

Oke, T. R. The energetic basis of the urban heat island. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, v. 108, n. 455, p. 1–24, 1982. DOI: 10.1002/qj.49710845502

Ologunorisa, T. E.; Durowoju, O. S.; Akinbobola, A. Hydroclimatology of the Kaduna River Basin. American Journal of Climate Change, v. 10, p. 353–369, 2021. DOI: 10.4236/ajcc.2021.103017. DOi: 10.4236/ajcc.2021.103017

Olsson, L.; Barbosa, H.; Yang, X. Land degradation and climate change. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, v. 44, p. 27–50, 2019.

OORBDA. Osun River basin feasibility study. Volume 7. Ogun-Oshun River Basin Development Authority, 1982.

Ouedraogo, I.; Naylor, L.; Steen, D.; Lambin, E. F. The drivers of land use change in West Africa: a synthesis. Land Use Policy, v. 84, p. 49–60, 2019.

Oyinloye, M. A.; Oloukoi, J.; Adeniran, A. Urban expansion and its implications for environmental sustainability in southwestern Nigeria. Sustainable Cities and Society, v. 39, p. 222–230, 2018.

Rose, S.; Peters, N. E. Effects of urbanization on stream flow in the Atlanta area (Georgia, USA): a comparative hydrological approach. Hydrological Processes, v. 15, p. 1441–1457, 2001. DOI: 10.1002/hyp.218.

Seto, K. C.; Güneralp, B.; Hutyra, L. R. Global forecasts of urban expansion to 2030 and direct impacts on biodiversity and carbon pools. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), v. 109, n. 40, p. 16083–16088, 2012.

Sylla, M. B.; Nikiema, P. M.; Gibba, P.; Kebe, I.; Klutse, N. A. Climate change in West Africa: recent trends and future projections. Earth Systems and Environment, v. 4, n. 2, p. 249–263, 2020.

Sylla, M. B.; Nikiema, P. M.; Gibba, P.; Kebe, I.; Klutse, N. A. Climate change over West Africa: recent trends and future projections. Earth Systems and Environment, v. 2, n. 2, p. 189–208, 2018.

Turner, B. L.; Lambin, E. F.; Reenberg, A. The emergence of land change science for global environmental change and sustainability. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), v. 104, n. 52, p. 20666–20671, 2007. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0704119104

Wu, Z.; Xin, Q. Recent advances in remote sensing of vegetation health and drought monitoring. Remote Sensing.

Yang, W.; Long, D.; Bai, P. Impacts of future land cover and climate changes on runoff in the mostly afforested river basin in North China. Journal of Hydrology, v. 570, p. 201–219, 2019. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.12.055

Zwarts, L.; Diallo, M.; Kone, S. The effects of land use change on West African wetlands. Wetlands Ecology and Management, v. 30, n. 2, p. 137–152, 2022.

Publicado

2025-11-02

Cómo citar

DUROWOJU, Olufemi Sunday; JACKSON, Colbert Mutiso; ADELABU, Samuel Adewale; MATAMANDA, Abraham; SAMUEL, Kayode Julius; YAKUBU, Samuel; ADENIJI, Abigail Temitope. Evaluación del impacto del cambio climático en la dinámica del uso de la tierra en la cuenca del río Osun, Nigeria. GeoPuc, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, v. 17, p. e00160, 2025. DOI: 10.64238/geopuc.2025.160. Disponível em: https://geopuc.emnuvens.com.br/revista/article/view/160. Acesso em: 11 may. 2026.