Anthropogenic springs: empirical examples in the bacia hidrográfica do rio fagundes, paraíba do sul (rj), Brazil

Abstract

The springs are important and complex hydrosystems superficially considered, especially regarding their environmental diversity, their use, the practical reality and anthropic interventions. Anthropogenic interventions that can provide conditions for water exfiltration when connecting with the drainage network. That said, the present work aims to: a) conceptually define anthropogenic sources; b) present three empirical examples of anthropogenic springs (N4, N5.1/N5.2 and N8) and c) discuss these examples of anthropogenic springs and interferences in the hydrogeomorphological dynamics of river basins for rural use. For this purpose, the object of study, the bibliographic review based on legal texts and specialized literature, the field work carried out in the dry and wet periods and the office synthesis of the conditions and hydrogeomorphological characteristics of the anthropogenic sources studied in the Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Fagundes in Paraíba do Sul, RJ, Brazil. The results and discussion presented are consistent with the importance of a series of factors such as the protection/conservation of anthropogenic springs in river basins for rural use, demonstrating how they can be formed and have consequences for the hydrogeomorphological dynamics. It is concluded that the empirical examples presented contribute to the understanding of the reality of anthropogenic springs and the studies and seasonal monitoring of the hydrogeomorphological, environmental and hydrological conditions of these springs are important.